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Analysis of B-genome chromosome introgression in interspecific hybrids of Brassica napus x B. carinata

机译：甘蓝型油菜x B. carinata种间杂种中B基因组染色体基因渗入的分析

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Brassica carinata, an allotetraploid with B and C genomes, has a number of traits that would be valuable to introgress into B. napus. Interspecific hybrids were created between B. carinata (BBCC) and B. napus (AACC), using an advanced backcross approach to identify and introgress traits of agronomic interest from the B. carinata genome and to study the genetic changes that occur during the introgression process. We mapped the B and C genomes of B. carinata with SSR markers and observed their introgression into B. napus through a number of backcross generations, focusing on a BC3 and BC3S 1 sibling family. There was close colinearity between the C genomes of B. carinata and B. napus and we provide evidence that B. carinata C chromosomes pair and recombine normally with those of B. napus, suggesting that similar to other Brassica allotetraploids no major chromosomal rearrangements have taken place since the formation of B. carinata. There was no evidence of introgression of the B chromosomes into the A or C chromosomes of B. napus; instead they were inherited as whole linkage groups with the occasional loss of terminal segments and several of the B-genome chromosomes were retained across generations. Several BC3S1 families were analyzed using SSR markers, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) assays, and chromosome counts to study the inheritance of the B-genome chromosome(s) and their association with morphological traits. Our work provides an analysis of the behavior of chromosomes in an interspecific cross and reinforces the challenges of introgressing novel traits into crop plants. Copyright \ua9 2011 by the Genetics Society of America.
机译：甘蓝型油菜，具有B和C基因组的同种四倍体，具有许多特性，对渗入甘蓝型油菜非常有价值。使用先进的回交方法从卡氏芽孢杆菌基因组中鉴定和渗入农艺性状，并研究在渗入过程中发生的遗传变化，从而在卡氏芽孢杆菌（BBCC）和甘蓝型油菜（AACC）之间创建了种间杂种。 。我们用SSR标记对B. carinata的B和C基因组作图，并观察到它们通过多个回交世代渗入B. napus，主要集中在BC3和BC3S 1兄弟姐妹家族上。 B. carinata和B. napus的C基因组之间存在紧密的共线性，并且我们提供了证据，表明B. carinata C染色体与B. napus的染色体配对并正常重组，这表明与其他芸苔属异源四倍体相似，没有进行重大的染色体重排自从形成B. carinata。没有证据表明B染色体渗入了油菜的A或C染色体。取而代之的是，它们被遗传为整个连锁群，偶尔丢失末端片段，并且几代人的B基因组染色体得以保留。使用SSR标记，基因组原位杂交（GISH）分析和染色体计数来分析多个BC3S1家族，以研究B基因组染色体的遗传及其与形态性状的关联。我们的工作提供了种间杂交中染色体行为的分析，并增强了将新性状渗入农作物的挑战。美国遗传学会版权所有2011。

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